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Christophe Gabreau (Airbus, co-chair of EUROCAE WG-114 Group)
Christophe GABREAU is a Software Processes specialist in the domains of development, certification and airworthiness at AIRBUS (Toulouse). Software regulation expert, he is the focal point for certification aspects of Artificial Intelligence in embedded safety-critical software. He is co-chairing the EUROCAE WG-114 (a joint group with SAE G-34) in charge of developing a standard for certification/approval of aeronautical systems implementing AI technologies. He is also contributing to the ANITI/DEEL (Dependable and Explainable Learning) research project at Toulouse IRT.
Graduated with a master’s degree in Electronics and Computer Engineering (ESEO-Angers) in 1990, he has been working for 3 decades in the field of avionic embedded software. The first part of his career was dedicated to operational embedded developments for CS-Defense, Alcatel Space and mainly THALES where the development and the certification of the Flight Management System (FMS) for AIRBUS SA/LR families was one of the main achievement. In 2006 he left THALES to found SafetySOFT, a software audit company, and performed (on behalf of Airbus Commercial, Airbus Helicopter and ATR) the monitoring of the main avionic suppliers to ensure the conformity of their equipment to certification regulations and industrial standards (DO-178/ED-12, DO-200/ED-76). He was hired by APSYS (an AIRBUS company) in 2016 to take a Software Assurance Nominee position at AIRBUS Filton (Landing Gear and Fuel systems). He eventually joined the Hardware and Software Qualification Group at AIRBUS Toulouse by the end of 2017 to a position of Software Designated Certification Specialist.
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Beatrice Pesquet-Popescu (Thales, co-chair of EUROCAE WG-114 Group)
Dr. Béatrice PESQUET-POPESCU is a Co-Chair of the joint EUROCAE WG114/SAE SG34 standardization committee for AI in aeronautics systems. She joined Thales Air Mobility Solutions in Jan 2018 as the Research and Innovation Director, where she defines and implements the AI strategy and manages the innovation in this field. Her team is showcasing data-based algorithms and services and is integrating these ML modules into Thales AMS products, with a particular concern on safety, qualification needs and engineering processes for ML. Previously, she has been Full Professor and Head of Multimedia Group in Telecom ParisTech and was also the Head of the UBIMEDIA Common Research Laboratory between Alcatel-Lucent Bell Labs Paris, and the Institut Télécom.
Dr. Pesquet-Popescu is an IEEE Fellow, an EURASIP Fellow, an elected member of Board of Governors of the IEEE Signal Processing Society and was an EURASIP BoG Member and member of the French GRETSI CA. She was also the Chair of two Technical Committees of the IEEE SPS: the Image, Video and Multidimensional Signal Processing (IVMSP) and the Industrial Digital Signal Processing (IDSP). Béatrice Pesquet-Popescu was an Associate Editor for 7 international journals and was the Technical Co-Chair of two conferences, and the General Co-Chair for 3 international conferences. She is a recipient of the Young Investigator Award from the French Physical Society in 1998 and of several best paper awards. She holds over 35 patents, has (co-)authored 4 books and over 400 book chapters, journals, and conference papers and (co-)directed 35 PhD theses.
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Fateh Kaakai (Thales, Sub-Group Leader of EUROCAE WG-114 Group)
Dr. Fateh KAAKAI is a Sub-Group Leader of EUROCAE WG-114 Group working on the safe design of Machine Learning models in the aeronautical domain. He is a safety engineering expert currently involved in the digital transformation of Thales Air Mobility Solutions with cloud-native and Machine Learning technologies. He is currently co-directing a PhD thesis on Neural Network Robustness evaluation. He is a regular contributor to EUROCAE standardization working groups (safety aviation standards and guidelines). He was the Thales representative to EASA (European Union Aviation Safety Agency) in the Air Traffic Management field from 2018 to 2020. He has been also involved in several safety research and innovation activities (SESAR, SESAR 2020 and Future Sky Safety programs).
His previous industrial safety experience includes 5 years in Railway domain (CBTC), and 7 years in Air Traffic Control domain (ATC). His Ph.D. in Automatic Control received in 2007 within IFSTTAR and the University of Besançon was dedicated to the development of formal methods (Petri nets) for safety and capacity assessment in ground transportation networks. He holds 3 patents and has (co-)authored one book on Abstract Interpretation of Software, and several journal and conference papers. He was graduated from Ecole Centrale de Lille (Master of Science) in 2003.
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Abstract: AI has the potential to disrupt the aerospace industry, impacting all areas in which computing and aerospace intersect. AI is a broad subject, still being actively developed from a confluence of many disciplines, including mathematics, computing, cognitive science, software development, data science, control theory, and others. It demands a collaborative approach with experts contributing from multiple domains. AI technologies are becoming progressively more embedded into the digital systems used to design, manufacture, operate, and maintain both aerial vehicles and ground-based systems. Leveraged appropriately, AI-driven solutions could transform the products and services that aerospace companies provide with an accelerated pace of change. Specifically, Machine Learning (ML) technologies have the potential to revolutionize established paradigms of aeronautical system development, including those concerned with safety-critical applications.
Anticipating a growing commercial pressure for Artificial Intelligence (AI) solutions within the aerospace industry over the coming few years, there is an urgent call for regulation and the emergence of norms around acceptable usage. In response, two working groups were set up independently on either side of the Atlantic during 2019 to address concerns around assuring products and services that exploit AI technologies. WG-114 was established by EUROCAE in Europe and G-34 by SAE in the United States.
Both Working Groups were created to produce guidance on safe and successful adoption of AI technologies in Aeronautical Systems, through consensus amongst many experts and practitioners in industry and academia. In bilateral agreement, the groups formed a joint committee in June 2019.
The joint working group will evaluate key applications for AI usage within aeronautical systems, with a scope encompassing ground-based equipment and airborne vehicles, including Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) products. In terms of processes, the full lifecycle will be under consideration, from design and manufacture, to operation and through-life maintenance.
A key deliverable will be documented standards, providing guidance on assuring safe systems utilizing AI, through an agreed acceptable means of compliance with regulatory requirements.
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